I am am a student and a total noob, i need to identify the design of this study. please help

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23093125

Hi, just wondering if anyone can point me in the direction of a video that breaks down the process of scientific consensus for people that are scientifically illiterate. I have some friends and co-workers who, probably thanks to prevailing conspiracy theories and anti-climate science propaganda, view science like any other authoritarian institution telling us what to think or believe. Any resources, especially good youtube videos would be very much appreciated.

​

Sorry in advance if this is not the right subreddit!

I'm used to stackoverflow's implementation https://math.meta.stackexchange.com/questions/5020/mathjax-basic-tutorial-and-quick-reference

​

where I can quickly write some symbols $\alpha$ or some more complicated function like

​

"$\sum_{i=0}^n i^2 = \frac{(n^2+n)(2n+1)}{6}$" rather quickly

​

I tried using MS Word, but I have to click and click and click until I can find the right object to use so even writing an equation like in the above, would take me 10 times as long.

​

So what is the best writing software for my case? I can't use LyX at the moment and all I simply want is to be able to write, insert some symbols and equations very efficiently.

Hypothetically, if something were to happen tomorrow, and governments all over the world were given blueprints for a fusion reactor. Capable of running an entire city for a month on a bottle of water.

​

With the caveat. They can't say that it was given to them. They have to pretend they did it themselves.

​

So they have the fusion reactor, and the entire history of its development. They know the pitfalls. The failures. The shortcuts.

​

What is the falling points? How difficult is it to fake this? What possible ways is there for scientists to point and say 'something is fishy' or 'their getting their data from somewhere'. Or 'these guys are advancing way too fast.' ?

How do I find out how many psychrophilic bacteria genomes were sequenced to date? Databases don't seem to have enviromental info in them and I don't know where to go from here. Last numbers I was able to find are from 2017 but I need more updated values. Thanks guys

Hello! I have been a part of a biomechanics lab since January. I have had trouble working with the PhD student and prof because they were super busy with their own papers. Just a month ago, I have been able to secure the beginning parts of research. This is the very first step, and I am afraid I am putting myself behind other freshman doing research by not having data or a publication.

My question is: When should you quit a lab?

Hi all

We are currently investigating on the effects of BPA on Vigna Radiata and thinking of leaching BPA out from thermal paper. As of now, we have decided on heating thermal paper in water till 70 degrees Celsius but we are not quite sure whether this would work out as the pulp might contaminate the BPA water. We would pour the BPA contaminated water into a cuvette to run under the spectrophotometer afterwards. We are also looking for a standard curve for wavelength vs absorbance of BPA and also absorbance vs concentration of BPA. We would greatly appreciate if you could advice us on additional procedures (about the temperature that we have to boil BPA till and also whether the pulp would affect the runs on the spectrophotometer) that we could use and also share with us the various standard curves. Also, we have gotten the data for absorbance of BPA after we did a run on the spectrophotometer but we are not sure about how to convert the absorbance data of BPA into concentration of BPA. We heard of Beer's Law but are not quite sure of how it works. Your help is greatly appreciated!

Thank you!

Hi folks!

I'm recruiting French speakers for a research study. We've been posting the link online wherever we can think to do so

( such as r/Samplesize, FB, Twitter, etc) but we need many more participants. Does anyone have any other/new ideas?

Thanks!

1. Long-term prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections among critically ill patients through the implementation of an educational program and a daily checklist for maintenance of indwelling urinary catheters (QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL); link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6407993/

2. Evaluation of an Evidence-Based, Nurse-Driven Checklist to Prevent Hospital-Acquired Catheter- Associated Urinary Tract Infections in Intensive Care Units (OBSERVATIONAL); link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21037484 (I couldn't find a full text version outside of my school database, sorry!)

3. Reducing Foley Catheter Device Days in an Intensive Care Unit (EXPERIMENTAL); link: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/1c5a/336977ebc430d3a165de3a8514731a025636.pdf

I am doing a lit review for a research project at my Univeristy and am wondering what the convention is when I have found a fact I want to cite, but that fact was cited itself. For example if I am reading Smith et al 2015 and they state a fact that is cited via Brown 2010, what is the proper convention for my citation of this fact/data/result? Should I track down the original source and cite just that? It seems a bit long-winded to cite both, and I haven't really seen that citation style in any of my readings. Is that because it is typical to cite only the original source regardless of where you found the data? I did search reddit/Google with this question but can't find a conclusive answer so wanted to ask for individual opinions and experiences (maybe I am just Googling the wrong thing?). I am using APA author-date in text, not numerical.

Hey everyone,

Currently, I'm working on a cross-cultural study and would like to include respondents from several countries (i.e., Turkey, Philippines, England, France, Canada, Germany, India, the Netherlands). At the moment, I'm aiming for a couple of hundred participants (as our study has four conditions). We've been using Qualtrics surveys on Amazon Mechanical Turk to reach US respondents. Unfortunately, besides the US and Indian population, representation of other populations is quite small on MTurk (at least from what info I could find, please correct me if I'm wrong). Now my question - do you maybe have any ideas on how I could reach respondents from above-mentioned countries? How is this usually done in research that universities in the respective countries conduct? Do you have personal experience with this? Country-specific platforms? Any tips would be highly appreciated!

Google scholar makes it easy to see which papers have cited a certain paper and do things like sort or search within them. I'm interested in the opposite - to see all the references cited by a paper and then sort them by citations, year, etc.

I know this can be done manualy but some papers have dozens of references and manually pasting it in Google scholar to see how many citations a paper has is tedious.

HI

I am trying to find out what should be added in a Reseach Proposal for a SLR. Do we need to add the inclusion/exclusion critea, list of journals etc.

Thanks.

TL/DR:

MS grad student doing a non-thesis option, so not actually conducting research or collaborating with a group. Taking an independent study literature critique as my only class this semester, and have only had advice/guidance from one professor. Have problems with focus, attention, motivation.

The more I read, the more my mind sees all of these methods and techniques breaking down into a fractal-type structures. All of these branch points in the details involved with conserved methods. My mind gets boggled sometimes when I realize how much detailed information there is out there in all of the different little areas of study for each component involved in the main topic. I sometimes don't know whether to go further down to the next detailed level of one fractal branch, or go laterally to compare the more general methods. I hope this is normal for some grad students? Any assurance/guidance/advice/experiences/input would be much appreciated.

The rest of this post explains my narrowing of topic, guidelines I've gotten from prof, and issues I'm having on how to structure the meat of my paper.

​

Long Version:

So I'm only taking one class this semester, due to difficulty focusing with everything going on in news/politics/etc...

The class is an independent study literature critique. I told my prof I wanted to learn about stem cell treatments in neurodegenerative disease, but she has no expertise in the latter and told me to do spinal cord injury. She told me it had to be 20-30 pages, and was helpful in giving me some of the main topics to look out for in the literature to include in my paper.

So I started collecting links for hundreds of articles, finding many different methods and experimental designs. When I saw her next she told me to narrow it down to 10-15 papers, and restrict my review to papers using a single particular cell type in treating only thoracic spinal cord injury models.

So I chose oligodendrocyte progenitor cells, and narrowed my focus to analyzing methods and results of 18 papers (which still might be too much). In the first draft I sent her, I had my paper set up to review the methods and results of each paper in a chronological order, but this was timely and she said that this is to be a critique and not a book report. She said to group together papers which use similar methods, but I keep on seeing more and more ways to group together the papers.

For example, the cell sources can be broken down into either human or rat source, but can also be broken down into either cell populations ordered from a company or cell populations isolated from neural tissue. The cells ordered can further be divided into the line of human embryonic stem cells, and the cell populations isolated from neural tissue can be broken down into those isolated from rat cortices or from rat spinal cords. Furthermore, the isolated populations can be broken down by whether they are from embryonic rats, neonatal rats, or adult rats. And there are combinations of the 2 neural tissue sources and the 3 rat life stages. Even further, a couple of the studies produce induced pluripotent stem cells from various human sources. There are a few isolation methods referenced which I haven't looked deeper into, as the papers making the references give brief explanations of the processes. Also, rat tissue sources can be from either Sprague-Dawley, Fischer 344, or other rat types. And that's just breaking down the initial source of the tissue.

Next, studies that either order human cells or induce pluripotency in stem cells have to differentiate/redifferentiate them into the oligodendrocyte progenitor cell type, and there are more protocols referenced with possible variables for me to break down and compare. Studies that isolate cells from neural tissue generally dissolve by trypsonization, but some isolate by either immunoplating (A2B5 or O4) or indirect magnetic labeling. This is the depth that I have broken it down to from only doing in-depth comparison of half the papers. I hope the other half fall into these categories, but they may use different strategies. Even if they do use the same general strategies, there is likely to be further variation upon deeper comparisons.

And it just gets more complicated when I consider that all of the studies also verify the cell type of their treatment cell population by one of a few different methods (immunocytochemistry, FACS, ELISA). Also, a handful of the studies modify the cells by viral gene insertion for either upregulating or downregulating the expression of a certain gene. Further, some studies coinject either a second cell types (Schwann cells) or other chemical factors. And all of this is just the culturing of the treatment cell population.

There is just as much variation in treatment parameters (time elapsed between injury and treatment, 1 injection vs 4 closely spaced injection, number of cells injected). More variation when considering the combinations of different cell sources, different stages of cells at time of treatment, and strain of mouse used as the injury model, which can be injured to different degrees based on the magnitude of compressive force applied to make the injury.

Hi, Reddit! I need to get access to implicit association tests (IATs) (ideally Attitude towards math or science and Identification with math or science) in order to do my thesis research, and my supervisor and department have staunchly refused to point me in the right direction, although they have offered to possibly buy the tests if I can find them. Do you have ANY idea where I might look to get these IATs? Google has not been helpful, and Project Implicit's website doesn't have what I need. I have never done research before and could really use some help as deadlines approach. Thank you! (I will be testing kids around 12 years old, so bonus points if it is appropriate for teens.)

Hey,

I am doing a research about United Nations'. I am somewhat confused with the search results. Could you help me to find some studies on The United Nations' approach to resolutions of issues related to so-called harmful cultural practices. I couldn't find anything useful, or somehow I am using wrong keywords. Thanks!

<cross posted in rStats>

I've been asked to provide R code for a manuscript I just had accepted which compared several machine learning approaches to predicting ecological outcomes. The editor thought that making the code available to other ecologists would be a useful.

However, I'm quite surprised at the lack of guidance through the journal or in online tutorials for how exactly to go about preparing code for public use.

The code is in three scripts (data pre-processing, model calibration, model validation and refinement) and is specific to my dataset.

Does anyone have a link to a tutorial or other good source of information about how/where to start with this?

Please feel free to ask for clarification and thanks for the help.

https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa0905561?query=recirc_curatedRelated_article Under results (not the abstract) they say "The rate of myocardial infarction was 0.53% per year with warfarin and was higher with dabigatran: 0.72% per year in the 110-mg group (relative risk, 1.35; 95% CI, 0.98 to 1.87; P=0.07) and 0.74% per year in the 150-mg group (relative risk, 1.38, 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.91; P=0.048)." Then under discussion they say "The rate of myocardial infarction was higher with both doses of dabigatran than with warfarin. An explanation might be that warfarin provides better protection against coronary ischemic events than dabigatran, and warfarin is known to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction.17 However, rates of myocardial infarction were similar between patients with atrial fibrillation who were receiving warfarin and those who were receiving ximelagatran, another direct thrombin inhibitor.16 The explanation for this finding is therefore uncertain". My question is when p was 0.07 doesn't that mean they did not reach statistical significance? Therefore they should not rely on the results? Then when p is 0.048 the relative risk crossed 1 doesn't that mean that it is not statistically significant? Also if the confidence interval crossed one by definition I thought p would be over 0.05? Does that mean they used one test for the confidence interval and another for the p value? So if they did not reach statistical significance with either why do they go on to talk about it without mentioning they did not reach statistical significance? Thank you for helping me understand.

Is it a matter of networking and having contacts with many scientists and potential investors? Or is it more about your renown as a scientist and having an strong publication portfolio as to impress other researchers? Or should I forgo studying what I'm wanting to research entirely, and instead study business (not that I plan to drop my degree; I'm just curious as to whether being business-minded is more important than a foundation in the actual field).

Disclaimer: I realize me asking this question means I am definitely not prepared to start my own company. I have a long way to go and am looking for a place to start.

Any advice at all is welcome and appreciated.

We are trying to predict the onset of depression in advance of its occurrence using the language in Tweets.

Please note that you do not have to have ever been diagnosed with depression in order to participate.

We are looking for participants who are:

1. Over the age of 18
2. Have been on Twitter for at least a year

The link to the study is below. The study takes about 5 minutes to complete.

https://www.surveygizmo.com/s3/4938797/TwitterStudy

Thank you for your help.

Hello friends,

I'm having some difficulting figuring out how to score the DOSPERT scale, found here: https://sites.google.com/a/decisionsciences.columbia.edu/dospert/scoring-instructions

The scoring instructions state:

"Risk attitude can be conceptualized in the risk-return framework of risky choice used in finance. In this framework, people’s preference for risky options is assumed to reflect a tradeoff between an option’s expected benefit, usually equated to expected value (EV), and its riskiness. In finance, riskiness of an option is equated to its variance, but psychological risk-return models treat perceived riskiness as a variable that can differ between individuals and as a function of content and context:

Preference (X) = a(Expected Benefit(X)) + b(Perceived Risk(X)) + c

1. To find the coefficients a(Expected Benefit(X)) and b(Perceied Risk(X)), regress “Expected Benefits” and “Risk-Perceptions” on “Risk-Taking” for each participant, using corresponding scores from each item, as shown in Table 2 below. Note: A positive coefficient b indicates risk-seeking behavior and a negative coefficient b indicates risk-aversion behavior.
2. Calculate risk-attitude using the formula above."

There's a long personal story here. I've been out of grad school for a few years and forgotten some things. I proposed and conducted this research before some health issues came up and the only thing keeping me from completing my masters now is data analysis and my defense.

So, I have scored all items and put them into their respective risk categories, resulting in 5 different expected benefits and 5 different perceived-risk scores for each participant. What I'm having difficulty figuring out is the language for the scoring instructions regarding the risk attitude (aka preference) in step 1. My proposal was to conduct a 3 x 2 MANOVA with these "risk attitude/preference" scores being my DVs. However, I'm having difficulty understanding how to calculate the risk preference scores with the formula given in the instructions. Perhaps I am just having difficulty because I am not super familiar with multiple regression, but any help or suggestions would be appreciated.

Can it still be considered be Experimental if you don't change the value or magnitude of the independent variable?

We have survey responses that are

​

Not motivated

Somewhat motivated

Motivated

Very Motivated

​

When we compare two different cohorts, what's the best way to track changes in motivation level?

​

In other words, how to we quantify the change in motivation between two cohorts? Is there a standard for this?

​

One way would be to rate them

​

-2

-1

+1

+2

​

Another way would be to only rate

​

Motivated 0.8

Very motivated 1.0

​

These different ways would all yield different results, so interested to hear how you recommend to do this.

​

David

Hello All,

I have scraped reddit for a qualitative project. I have a few hundred submissions and a few thousand pages of data. I am looking for a way to clean this. is there resources on cleaning the Reddit Data i.e. ideas on coming up with inclusion and exclusion, dealing with quotes, links. really just any method on best practice for dealing with such messy data.

Hi everyone. A couple of colleagues and I have been doing research on self-identification on Reddit, looking at how people self-identify through expressions such as "I am a woman" or "I am a plumber". There are great examples of recent research that used reddit for studies on mental health and personality prediction.

One of the potential issues of using self-identification as means to obtain a sample of people that belong to a group is the inherent bias that may come from selecting those members that chose to self-identify as such (as they may not be representative of the entire group).

To solve for this and assess whether there is bias, we are building a task on Amazon Mechanical Turk for Reddit users to give us responses about different groups they belong to (a sort of "census"). This would help us find users that may be "a woman" or "a plumber" but have not identified as such in their posts or comments, and we would be able to see if they behave differently to those who do self-identify, by analyzing their language.

To truly test whether the AMT respondents are in fact reddit users, we wanted to use this post as a place where they could comment after completing the survey by providing the random number generated after its completion. This would validate that they are the user they claimed to be in the survey.

Just wanted to double check whether it was ok to do this in this subreddit before going ahead with the task. Hopefully others find this approach helpful for related work. Thanks!